A concise, full-color, step-by-step guide to performing colorectal surgery This well-illustrated new book delivers succinct guidance on performing minimally invasive (laparoscopic and robotic) colon and rectal surgery, written primarily for an audience of general surgery residents and fellows in colorectal surgery and surgical oncology. The Handbook of Minimally Invasive Colorectal Surgery takes a high-yield, bulleted approach to describe how to get started with a procedure; how to perform common surgeries of the intestine, colon, and rectum; and how to manage common intraoperative problems in colorectal surgery. Alternatives to each step are discussed, along with common pitfalls and how to avoid them. Full-color illustrations and intraoperative images alongside narrated videos take readers step-by-step through the operations most often performed by general surgeons, colorectal surgeons, and surgical oncologists. This edition includes the latest innovations and procedures in minimally invasive and robotic colorectal surgery.

The book contains recent developments and contemporary research in mathematical analysis and in its application to problems arising from the biological and physical sciences. The book is of interest to readers who wish to learn of new research in such topics as linear and nonlinear analysis, mathematical biology and ecology, dynamical systems, graph theory, variational analysis and inequalities, functional analysis, differential and difference equations, partial differential equations, approximation theory, and chaos. All papers were prepared by participants at the International Conference on Recent Advances in Mathematical Biology, Analysis and Applications (ICMBAA-2015) held during 4-6 June 2015 in Aligarh, India. A focal theme of the conference was the application of mathematics to the biological sciences and on current research in areas of theoretical mathematical analysis that can be used as sophisticated tools for the study of scientific problems. The conference provided researchers, academicians and engineers with a platform that encouraged them to exchange their innovative ideas in mathematical analysis and its applications as well as to form interdisciplinary collaborations. The content of the book is divided into three parts: Part I contains contributions from participants whose topics are related to nonlinear dynamics and its applications in biological sciences. Part II has contributions which concern topics on nonlinear analysis and its applications to a variety of problems in science, engineering and industry. Part III consists of contributions dealing with some problems in applied analysis.

The book contains recent developments and contemporary research in mathematical analysis and in its application to problems arising from the biological and physical sciences. The book is of interest to readers who wish to learn of new research in such topics as linear and nonlinear analysis, mathematical biology and ecology, dynamical systems, graph theory, variational analysis and inequalities, functional analysis, differential and difference equations, partial differential equations, approximation theory, and chaos. All papers were prepared by participants at the International Conference on Recent Advances in Mathematical Biology, Analysis and Applications (ICMBAA-2015) held during 4-6 June 2015 in Aligarh, India. A focal theme of the conference was the application of mathematics to the biological sciences and on current research in areas of theoretical mathematical analysis that can be used as sophisticated tools for the study of scientific problems. The conference provided researchers, academicians and engineers with a platform that encouraged them to exchange their innovative ideas in mathematical analysis and its applications as well as to form interdisciplinary collaborations. The content of the book is divided into three parts: Part I contains contributions from participants whose topics are related to nonlinear dynamics and its applications in biological sciences. Part II has contributions which concern topics on nonlinear analysis and its applications to a variety of problems in science, engineering and industry. Part III consists of contributions dealing with some problems in applied analysis.

Cognitive radio (CR) is a kind of wireless communication wherein a transceiver can intelligently sense the vacant and occupied communication channels and promptly move into vacant channels while staving off occupied ones. This enables the optimum use of available Radio-Frequency (RF) spectrum whereas avoiding the interference to other users. Cognitive radio is a key technology that came up with the solution of the problem of underutilization of radio frequency. To explore the capabilities and benefits of CR in better way, researchers now a days are interested in adaptive control paradigms such as fuzzy logic, artificial neural networks, neuro-fuzzy approach etc. The work presented in this book mainly composed of the analysis of available frequency and its allocation to the Secondary Users (SUs) / CRs by using fuzzy logic. A new approach of Spectrum management is introduced in it by resolving the issue regarding the allocation of bandwidth to the appropriate secondary user or the cognitive radio which can use the frequency band for its transmission.

The essential peel oil of Citrus limetta var. Mitha (Sweet lime) extracted by steam distillation was assessed for chemical constituents and antimicrobial activity. Gas chromatographic analysis identified 17 constituents among which Limonene (95.98 %) was found as major component followed by camphene (1.79 %), while the remaining terpenes were less than 1%. The results of antimicrobial activity of essential oil tested by disc diffusion method, against different against bacteria and fungi showed that it exhibited maximum zone of inhibition against Bacillus cereus (31.0mm) and Bacillus subtilis (29mm) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (25.3mm), whereas the minimum zone of inhibition was shown by Fusarium oxysporum (11mm) after 48 hours of incubation at their respective temperature (370C for bacteria and 250C for fungi). The inhibition zones, measured after 48 hours and 96 hours, showed that it was active against all tested bacteria and fungi. The results of our study showed that essential oil of Citrus limetta var. Mitha peel can be an effective medicine against different pathogenic microbes.

The aim of this book is to develop a Multi-Level security model for web service computing environments. This book describes about an Hardware Level Authentication scheme of web service consumers for secure communication with the service providers and History based Accounting and Reacting Denial of Service attack (DoS) model to detect and prevent possible DoS attacks in web service computing. The main objectives of this book are to provide built in authentication for web service consumers. It also minimizes the security constraints and challenges in any close group web service communication. This book has engaged the E-learning framework as a test bed to carry out the experiments in support of the proposed idea and its goals. The E-learning framework provides all the possible aspects of web service computing to perform the experimentation of this book. The experimental results in this book reveal the performance and accuracy of the Two Tier Security Framework for SOS.

In order to meet the modern trends for railway vehicle control system, various techniques have been launched in last few decades. The structural change in control system is still a dire need to improve the system in under developed countries. This design work proposes a new approach to the Railway Vehicle Speed scheduling and management system considering the hard conditions: junction track condition JTI, track clearance TC, and crossing gates condition TC and the flexible conditions: environment monitoring EM, track condition TC, and vehicle tilting condition VT. This system also considers the track vehicle to vehicle and between vehicle and main control information exchange, point pre-loaded information about vehicle root at the starting position is selected and other information is allowed to be loaded into the control system memory by the control room. The initial information includes start time, speed schedule, position of stopping stations, locations of junction track change and crossing gates, and track condition information. This approach will enhance the capability of vehicle control system in automation.

Over the last few decades industrial automation has become the most desirous subject to increase the productivity with quality and quantity enhancement and consider the cost management of the product. A new approach of Fuzzy Logic Time Control Discrete Event System DEV provides an opportunity to establish a control design with certain time constraint of activation under the fuzzy control of input variables. A multi-agent based approach helps the control strategy to be motivated with all internal and external factors effecting the system casually under un predetermined conditions.An approach to use the fuzzy system in local and distributed environment is explored using a simplified design algorithmic approach.Design Models of: Liquids Mixing System, Grinding and Mixing System, and Muti- Dimensional Supervisory Control System with Fuzzy Logic time control DEV strategy are explored for industrial automation.

By all accounts, the overall relationship between the US and the Muslim world is marked by confrontation at several levels. In the aftermath of 9/11, a great deal needs to be done to build bridges between America and the Muslim world. A broad and immediate shift in America's policies towards the Muslim world is necessary. What is the appropriate paradigm for the war on terrorism? How should the US now deal with authoritarian regimes considered its traditional allies in the Muslim world? How should the US deal with civil society, opposition parties, and other Islamist groups, often located within these friends and allies? How can the US maintain a close alliance with Israel while still continuing positive relations with Muslim states and movements? US Policy Towards the Muslim World seeks to find answers to these and similar questions. The volume is comprised of fourteen contributions from specialists in the field. It is a serious attempt to address and analyze key factors affecting US interests and suggests measures for the US policy makers. The main objective is to provide a policy framework that will enable the US to face the challenges posed and opportunities thrown open in the Muslim world.

By all accounts, the overall relationship between the US and the Muslim world is marked by confrontation at several levels. In the aftermath of 9/11, a great deal needs to be done to build bridges between America and the Muslim world. A broad and immediate shift in America's policies towards the Muslim world is necessary. What is the appropriate paradigm for the war on terrorism? How should the US now deal with authoritarian regimes considered its traditional allies in the Muslim world? How should the US deal with civil society, opposition parties, and other Islamist groups, often located within these friends and allies? How can the US maintain a close alliance with Israel while still continuing positive relations with Muslim states and movements? US Policy Towards the Muslim World seeks to find answers to these and similar questions. The volume is comprised of fourteen contributions from specialists in the field. It is a serious attempt to address and analyze key factors affecting US interests and suggests measures for the US policy makers. The main objective is to provide a policy framework that will enable the US to face the challenges posed and opportunities thrown open in the Muslim world.